Installing asphalt shingles in cold weather: an underestimated risk with costly consequences

As a roofing expert, it is crucial to raise awareness among the public and construction industry about the dangers of installing asphalt shingle roofing in cold weather, typically below 10°C. Too often done in late fall or early spring, this practice can seriously compromise the roof's performance and durability.

Risks associated with low temperature installation

Asphalt shingles are designed to be thermally activated, meaning the adhesive tabs bond together under the influence of solar heat. This fusion creates a barrier that is impervious to wind, water, and snow. When installed at an insufficient temperature:

• The legs do not stick together during installation.

• Wind can lift shingles, cause them to ripple, tear, or come off completely.

• Water infiltration can occur from the first rainfall or during a thaw.

• Manufacturer warranties may be compromised if temperature installation recommendations are not followed.

A vulnerable roof… sometimes from the first winter

Contrary to popular belief, a poorly welded shingle doesn't wait several seasons before causing problems. All it takes is a strong wind or freeze-thaw event for the first signs of damage to appear. Rising shingle corners become entry points for drifting snow, ice, and moisture, exposing the underlayment and OSB to the elements.

What does the industry say?

Major shingle manufacturers, such as BP, IKO, and CertainTeed, explicitly recommend avoiding installation in cold weather without the application of heat or supplemental measures. Otherwise, it is imperative:

• Store the shingles indoors in a warm place before installing them;

• Use extra nails for each shingle to prevent lifting;

• To manually glue the legs with a suitable bituminous adhesive;

• Or, better yet, wait for a suitable temperature, ideally above 10°C.

Professional recommendation

To ensure a durable and compliant roof:

• Avoid laying during freezing weather, except in emergency situations.

• If winter installation is unavoidable, document and rigorously apply manual bonding methods.

• Inform customers of warranty limitations if installed outside of recommended conditions.

• Inspect the roof the following spring to check if natural re-adhesion has occurred.

Conclusion

Installing asphalt shingles in cold weather without proper precautions is a common but serious defect, exposing the roof to lifting, tearing, and infiltration. A poorly installed roof doesn't wait years to cause damage; it can become vulnerable from the first gusts of wind. Careful planning, installation that complies with temperature standards, and vigilance over the adhesion of the shingles are the keys to ensuring the integrity of your roof.